Precision StrikeDRDO developing two new variants of the Nag for the IAF
By Prasun K. Sengupta
aug (2008)
At press time the Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO) was gearing up for conducting the definitive developmental trials of the ‘Nag’ anti-armour guided-missile (ATGM) at the firing range in Pokhran. The 4km-range ‘fire-and-forget’ ATGM, under development since the late Eighties at a cost of three billion rupees and thus far being subjected to more than 60 test-firings since November 1990 (with the first fully-functional test-firing being conducted on September 9, 1997), will be subjected to seven test-firings over a two-day period starting July 27 against both stationary and moving targets in both daytime and at night. Subject to the test-firings being successful, final user’s trials of the ATGM will be carried out this October, following which series production will get underway by the year’s end at the Hyderabad-based production facilities of state-owned Bharat Dynamics Ltd (BDL). The Indian Army is likely to place an initial order for 443 ‘Nag’ ATGMs, along with 13 ‘NAMICA missile launch vehicles, which are modified BMP-2 tracked infantry combat vehicles each of which houses an inclined swiveling launcher containing eight ATGMs, 12 missile reload rounds, and a target acquisition system using a second generation thermal imager and a laser rangefinder, both with a range of 5.5km. The 42kg ‘Nag’ ATGM makes use of an airframe built out of aluminium alloys, and a DRDO-developed cadmium zinc telluride-based imaging infra-red (IIR) seeker for giving the missile a lock-on before launch capability. It has a flight speed of 230 metres per second, is armed with a 8kg tandem shaped-charge warhead, has a rocket motor using nitramine-based smokeless extruded double band sustainer propellant, has a single-shot hit probability of 0.77 and a CEP of 0.9 metres, and has a 10-year maintenance-free shelf-life. Efforts are now on to develop a mast-mounted missile launcher that will be hydraulically raised out to a height of five metres to enable the NAMICA to acquire its targets out to a distance of 8km.
The DRDO is now developing two new variants of the ‘Nag’ for the Indian Air Force (IAF): the 8km-range ‘Helina’, which will be launched from twin-tube stub wing-mounted launchers on board the armed ‘Dhruv’ ALH and Light Combat Helicopters that will be produced by state-owned Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd (HAL); and a 10km-range variant that will be launched from tactical interdiction aircraft like the upgraded Jaguar IS. The ‘Helina’ will, like the ‘Nag’ make use of an IIR seeker for target engagement, while the Jaguar IS-launched ATGM will use a nose-mounted millimetric-wave active radar seeker. User trials of these two variants of the ‘Nag’ will be conducted by late 2010. All three variants of the ‘Nag’ will have top-attack capabilities, thanks to the incorporation of a digital autopilot for automatic trajectory shaping. All in all, about 4,000 ATGM rounds of all types (vehicle-, helicopter- and air-launched) are expected to be produced by BDL.
In another development aimed at optimising its single-seat Jaguar IS strike aircraft for undertaking tactical interdiction/anti-armour missions (which were once the missions for the MiG-23BNs now being retired from service), the IAF has awarded a 24 billion rupees contract to HAL for refurbishing and upgrading an initial 68 licence-built Jaguar IS. Work involves airframe life extension and addition of a fixed inflight refuelling probe on the nose of each aircraft, plus installation and integration of the DARIN-3 navigation-and-attack system, which has been indigenously developed by the DRDO’s Inertial Navigation-Attack Systems Integration Organisation (IIO) and the Defence Avionics Research establishment (DARE). Making use of the MIL-STD-1553B digital databus, the DARIN-3 suite includes an AMLCD-based digital map generator, one AMLCD-based multi-functional display, a mission computer, digital flight data recorder, and a SIGMA-95 ring laser gyro-based inertial navigation system coupled to a GPS receiver. For target acquisition, use will be made of a belly-mounted Litening-2 target acquisition/laser designator pod supplied by Israel’s RAFAEL Armament Authority. Earlier, between 2000 and 2007, HAL had supplied the IAF with 37 new-build DARIN-3-equipped Jaguars, of which 20 were single-seaters and 17 were tandem-seaters. Both the new-build and upgraded Jaguars will remain in service until 2018.
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