Just as a remembrance, some pictures from Karachi:

thanks for the pictures. may Allah(SWT) keep his safe.

May Allah keep Pakistan and Musharraf safe.

Ameen

Truly the end of a golden era .... now the jahil's who opposed this true and sincere man will get what they wanted ... a weak, failing country which they can loot .... we are a manhoos, baad-bakht, baad-naseeb, qaum .... where jihalat rules .... only the jahils opposed this man and Pakistan ...

But I'm not a jahil

Or were you talking about the politicians who opposed him? Yes for the most part I actually agree with you.

But IK opposes him. And IK isn't jahil either.

He has a degree from Oxford.

So that makes IK a parha likha jahil.

Nawaz sharif got Pakistan declared a Terrorist State,
BB got Pakistan declared a failed state,

Togeather they will make pakistan a failed terrorist state.

Yes that is exactly what is wrong with this country, everyone thinks knowledge and taleem comes from earning a post nominal from a prestigious institution. Might i take this time to remind people that our Great Founder M.A. Jinnah was a vocational barrister and never went to university, but that is what true talim is (it comes from within).

President Musharraf had more dignity, grace and charisma then all these so called politicians piled together. A true patriot, it is a shame that our illiterate masses could not see past the smokescreen of "DEMOCRACY", now let’s see what this jumeriat gets them where the head of a national party has not even finished his 1st year exams!!! Whilst experiences and seasoned part members like Mughdoom Faheem are left to rot!

LOL Jumeriat indeed!

MUSHARRAF ZINDABAD!

As for PPP "Khappay pe Khappa" - Koum ko sai Khhapain Gain ye Sanp key bachay "And they disserve it, stupid sheep!

It brought tears to many eyes seeing the person who truly cares about Pakistan going under pressure from jahil qoum's jahil siyasatdaan.

Just Look at him! is nawaz manhoos ganja and zardari haarami can be tough man like him? absolutely not

He was a honest man of word.
Gone but not defeated... We salute you SIR!

Thanks for the photos Zarrar. They were great.

I hope President Musharraf has a good life and pray that Allah keep him and Pakistan both safe from harm.Ameen.
I will never forget his favorite line Sub say pehlain Pakistan.

President Musharraf Zindabad.

Pakistan Zindabad.

I salute the man for being a true patriotic. His services will be long remebered in the hearts of truly patriotic and thinking pakistani people. Education, economy, health, armed forces, strategic infrastructure and of course international relations all grew to a new level in his era. He single handedly couped up with the crisis like 9/11, Afghanistan war, Iraq war, Earthquake, Floods, BLA (to hinder Gwader port), Local Alqaida, Lal Masjid and of course the sleeping judiciary. I admit he has done some wrong things but comparing his positives with negatives I must say that he was "the one" in the Nation's history. Now Mr 10% wont have any obstacle in adding another "0" to his figure. All the incompitentent politicians are now welcome to come and have a feat on Nation's money and resouces. May Allah help us.

It brought tears to many eyes seeing the person who truly cares about Pakistan going under pressure from jahil qoum's jahil siyasatdaan.

I could not hold back the tears ... It's like somebody close to me died today.

I am so sad ...

Some more pictures:

What are you crying over?

The failed state that he left us in?

More and more terrorism across the country?

The dams and barrages that he built for the country's water and power resources? Oh! wait he didn't build any.

The depreciating value of rupee?

More international debt?

Most of you said that him imposing emergency sometime back was a good move, did it yield anything?

stop chanting like a baby, and stop calling others jahil, if hate this jahalat so much then come to Pakistan and educate the ppl.

Mark my words...this guy has paved the way for International intervention on Pakistani soil.


Long Live Pakistan!


mado

ps. I do not support either of the ruling parties currently in Pakistan, had to mention since you 'educated' ppl are very quick to label someone BB or Nawaz lover.

What are you crying over?

The failed state that he left us in?

More and more terrorism across the country?

Failed state .. what failed, what do you call a failed state, he did everything humanely possible with mistakes but he did do everything possible, he kept US at by, India at bay .. let them have a picnic of 9 months on our broder, managed Kargil (pressure of which we could not hold, but still hold a couple of strategic peaks), he kept our economy rolling last 7 years everytime for with figures of 7% .. yeah .. I agree he did not change our economy at part with Japan or China .. he should have been able to do it in 1 year but yeah .. you are right.

The dams and barrages that he built for the country's water and power resources? Oh! wait he didn't build any.

The depreciating value of rupee?

More international debt?


Most of you said that him imposing emergency sometime back was a good move, did it yield anything?

stop chanting like a baby, and stop calling others jahil, if hate this jahalat so much then come to Pakistan and educate the ppl.

Why how many institutes have opened up , Dentistry, Nursing, Phd's, Medicine .. what did all of these educated class give back to Gen. Musharaff ! You talk about economy going down the drain .. everyday there was suicide bombing, from Gwadar to Waziristan we have problems .. how many of us went to support him in international arena ! Hardly any ... & I cry for people like you .. I remember a poster in Khaleej times .. she correctly said it :-


http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayLetters...30&strpath=


Dear President...
13 August 2008

Dear President Musharraf,


I AM one of those Pakistanis who love Pakistan and as such consider myself one of a minority. I do not expect you to pay any heed to this letter of mine nevertheless whatever is going on has forced me to pen a few words to you.

Mr. President, with a literacy rate of less than 60%, we are a nation at the lowest rung of the international literacy ladder. Before holding the latest fateful elections you ought to have known that our votes belong to people who promise us , ‘bread, clothes and shelter’, good jobs or to those whom we fear. Some of us vote just because we consider elections and rallies, a welcome break in the monotony of deprivation, a sort of prolonged party. We do not vote because we love Pakistan and wish the best for it. We think as families, clans, regions and ethnic groups. We could not quite place you in any of these groups so we could not possibly vote for you. Moreover, you did not make the usual speeches and promises to feed us, clothe us and house us.

Mr. President, you are a man of honour and character. We do not appreciate such men. You were trying to force us into loving Pakistan while we are fond of loving ourselves. What kind of a naïve person are you?
Mr. President, please resign. We do not deserve you. Facing the impeachment is another naivety you will commit as the people who have already bought our votes will spend some more and buy some more. They will make it sure that you regret the vision of a strong Pakistan. True, we will call you a coward for opting to resign/flee instead of challenging the charges against you but then what else do you expect from us? We love mistaking dignified silence as cowardly paralysis or proof of guilt.

In short, Mr. President, let us destroy Pakistan because it’s something we love doing and will never quit doing!! Save yourself instead of trying to save Pakistan!!!!''
- Saima Noreen, Sharjah




http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayLetters...25&strpath=

Mush-baiters are no good
14 August 2008

THIS is in reference to the letter 'Dear President...'(KT, August 13). We all are really thankful to the writer Saima to pass our message to President Musharraf. She is right — our people do not want to save Pakistan. Our people only need entertainment which Geo television provides in a very sarcastic way. Since the time the president has been elected, he is struggling to save Pakistan. We have jobs, but we are to busy with robberies, smuggling, cheap rallies that we don’t have time for our nation.

Now what role is Asif Ali Zardari playing to help his country come out of so-called man-made crisis? Zardari who piggybacked his wife late Benazir Bhutto throughout his and her career now seems to have forgotten her altogether.

Zardari said in a TV interview recently that Musharraf should answer about misappropriation of some US aid amount. It really sounds funny because Zardari himself was jailed for corruption. Can he tell us where did the money, he was responsible for to take care during his tenure as cabinet minister, go?
We pray that Musharraf stays as a leader of Pakistan so that the future of the nation remains secure.
- Kiran, Mehv, Ani, by email

What failed state? We were more of a 'failed state' in 1999 than we are now. You are an excuse for a Pakistani (oh wait you are in OZ while trying to appear concerned about Pakistan).


Direct result of America's (and Australia's) WOT in Afghanistan. Musharraf did the right thing by confronting lunatic right wing extremists and taking the terrorists head on.


Quite ignorant of you just like Raja Pervez Ashraf. Read this:

-4 dams have been constructed: Mirani, Subakzai, Gomalzam and Kurram Tangi dams.
-The Private Power Infrastructure Board (PPIB) has approved expansion of Tarbela dam power project which would generate 960 MW costing $500 million PLUS raising the height of Mangla reservoir and
-In Musharraf era: The 1450 MW Ghazi Brotha Hydel Project (GBHP) went into operation in June 2003.
-Nuclear power plant Chashma-2, came on-line in 2007, has added another 300MW to the national grid.
-Massive brick lining of all irrigation canals to stop seepage losses.
-President Musharraf inaugurated an 18 Mega Watt Naltar hydro power project, of over Rs. 1.36 billion. The project was completed in four years at Naltar near Gilgit.


What?? Paindoo mado learn to investigate before making wild accusations. The value of the rupee held quite steady for the last 8 years. I don't know where you are getting from. Check this 5 year graph from Yahoo Finance:



Again trying to show us your ignorance? (no need we are already pretty convinced).
Our international debt was reduced from around 36 billion US dollars in 1999 to 32 billion during Musharraf's rule. Now suddenly in the last 5 months (after democrazy) it has shot up to 46 billion US dollars.

Were you sleeping when we had the second highest growth rate after China??



Yes, it stopped the politically motivated judiciary from leg pulling the executive in almost all the spheres of its operations.


I think everybody can now see the real jahil on this thread.

Zarrar .. : Did not see your signature. Sorry mate ..

what is he going to do now

BRILLIANTLY SAID!!!!!

AZ AND NS ARE SOBs

GONE WITH THE WIND. If he had retired as an Army Chief, I would salute him today. He tried to extend his one man rule for last 8-9 years, that is not serving Pakistan. He said Sub Sae Pehlae Pakistan. But he actually did was Sub Sae Pehlae Main !!!!!!!!!

I wish all the Pro- Musharraf PDF members, will wake up now and face the new reality. Let us work for rising, developing Pakistan. It is not enough to blame the politicians. The question is What Have You done for Pakistan today ? If each member of this forum starting do one good thing for Pakistan every day, this will be a great start.

1. Send some money to one of our relatives in Pakistan and ask them to help any poor child or family in their neighbourhood.
2. Can you come back to Pakistan...if you are teacher, you can teach and so on and so forth.
3. Create a better image for Pakistan.

That's the west speaking! LOL, failed state! Atleast get your facts right!

wish all the Pro- Musharraf PDF members, will wake up now and face the new reality. Let us work for rising, developing Pakistan. It is not enough to blame the politicians. The question is What Have You done for Pakistan today ? If each member of this forum starting do one good thing for Pakistan every day, this will be a great start.

1. Send some money to one of our relatives in Pakistan and ask them to help any poor child or family in their neighbourhood.

Sherdill .. I do .. I sponsor 2 kids in SOS Sargodha.

I am sure I will keep on doing deeds for Pakistan. We are always looking forward for developping Pakistan and mind you will find a lot of people who do good deeds & whole heartedly support Gen. Musharaff.

Must,

Thank you for your post and i aggree with what you are trying to say (positive action) but i must admit that almost everyone on this fourm is patrotic and no doubt in their own special way does somthing for his or her country, i for one do not need to advertise what i have done or continue to do for the benifit of Pakistan.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4964934.stm

Pakistan entered the top 10 failed state in 2006, not before that.


http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/fbs/statis..._inflation.html

Don't just look at the economic growth, take inflation into account as well, look at the dramatic rise in inflation from 2003 onwards despite all the foreign aid/investment coming in. Pakistan suffered from sanctions during the 90's, take the situations into account before making any comments.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4482827.stm

"Inflation was at its highest since 1997, International Monetary Fund (IMF) officials said. State bank figures show inflation could hit 8.8% next year." This is for mid 2000.


The "head on conflict" is still going, if that's what you call it, this conflict was never meant to end, just to sustain until the time is right for intervention.


http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7403039.stm

"The country is facing a shortfall of 4,000 megawatts"

http://www.dawn.com/2005/04/09/top1.htm

"Chashma-2project, which will be completed by 2011 at a cost of Rs51 billion"

And seriously you think those small scale dams were able to meet the country's demands 4-5 years back, let alone the future demands? Forgot the recent floods? Lights out for an hour after every 2-3 hours. And why do you bring Nawaz and Zardari in the argument when you've got nothing else to talk about? Who allowed these a-holes back into the country in the first place? Who was so eager to share power with BB? Who pardoned Zardari in the first place? Who allowed the NATO and US to bomb Pakistanis across the border?


http://www.sbp.org.pk/ecodata/pakdebt.pdf

Debt has been consistently rising throughout early and mid 2000, it rose from approx. $34 billion to approx. $42 billion USD during the years 2004 and 2007, despite all the foreign aid and investments.

http://www.cadtm.org/spip.php?article3099

"The borrowing from multilaterals has outpaced the borrowing from the Paris Club since 1999-2000. Its share in total public and publicly guaranteed debt has increased from 37.5 to 50.2 per cent in 2006."


paindoo mado out, parhay likhay zarrar jareeh and cougar in.

Musharraf is great man

We never forget him, he is doing lot for country

Pakistan peopel lost good President just because of duty politics in our country.

Never sponsored kids, but my family did donate tons and tons of funds through charities, investments etc. But now we will stop any transfer of funds anyways and take the rest our soon, inshallah. These clown's aren't worth it.

I am sad as well. But have you seen how media is conducting Musharraf's trial on TV. Man, they are treating him like a criminal. The so called Analyst on almost all channels, are called for his trial in court putting in serious allegations like breaking the constitution ( punishable by death) and killing of that SOB bugti!!.. Now even that bugti is being called a SHAHEED. It seems like media has forgotten who gave them this much freedom to say whatever they want.And It seems to me like media is afraid to ask tough questions to its current leaders like asking Zardari about NRO. And not putting enough pressure on PPP to reinstate judges which was one of the core reason of Musharraf's demise.

On the other hand , I do think that he was responsible for alot of unhumane acts. Like lal masjid, whether you like it or not, there were women and children inside ( Ask people in Islamabad..) when the operation took place and they got killed , for no reason coz they might have been held hostage by fanatics inside. Commando Operation has always been a very far fetched option and though I beleive that media and politician pushed musharraf into doing it, He was the person who actually gave the order. So, he must be held responsible for his decisions. Moreover, not providing the actual number of deaths in that operation also casted doubts in people's heart that something went wrong in there. Some people may argue that those inside deserved to die, well if they deserved it, so does Musharraf. People on media are also idolising SOB bugti, which I am dead sure really really deserved to die, as became too big of threat to integrity of Pakistan ( BLA and other separatist movements.).

Moreover, about the economy. The 7% growth rate is , although true but , a play of figures. I saw a discussion on TV where financial experts actaully shows the growth of various industries, and in that , banking was the only sector which was showing tremendous growth, I mean it was waayy high then others, at about 20%. Now, although it is a growth in economy, it is not one which can be sustained, as much of this growth was due to grand loan schemes of banks. Thus, it didnt contribute to making Pakistan stronger, as much as it was hyped.

Larger dams were not contructed , because as a nation we couldnt agree on them. The issue of water and electricity shortage was identified by Mush's govt. well before time, and I think diameer Bhasha dam's study ( or construction) has already been started. shorter dams were quicker way to handle to shortage of water, thats why they were given preference. Electricity shortage issue was also addressed, and I have seen atleast 6 or 7 power producing projects advertisments in the newspaper. Plus , there is also a windfarm being constructed in sindh somewhere.


So, No , Musharraf wasnt as bad as he is being portrayed.

don't stop if you are not going to divert it any place again you don't know how dependent those people who are getting your aid would be, tell me will they choose death knowingly. They are naive help them when they need it don't ditch them.

I felt i should say that where as i might have done the same may be in anger but do consider once more. don't take out investment if you do not fear its loss or if you have it to help poor people they need help food and education so they can live today and plan for tomorrow.

Sorry for budding in but what i felt i said. the condition and poverty is very disturbing it is easy to think about the nation with food in the stomach they barely survive the day to live another day. It is easy to fool such people with false promises they are promised a brighter future and they fall for the con. Living has become difficult and is becoming more difficult daily and the phenomenon is global but for them it is about survival not luxuries.

Think then act may you and all those who help people be granted for in this life and the life hereafter, Ameen.

Investor confidence, I have none.

May be Anxious, Kilo_19 and Saira etc will either send or attract much more than i can ever contribute. Best of luck to them.

Why are you worrying about poverty, NS has promised that the price of flour will be halved so there will no longer be any poor people left in Pakistan

Even if their are a few poor people left in Pakistan they will all be happy because when the Chief Justice gets reinstated, everyone will get justice so they won't care whether they are hungry or not

Moreover, about the economy. The 7% growth rate is , although true but , a play of figures. I saw a discussion on TV where financial experts actaully shows the growth of various industries, and in that , banking was the only sector which was showing tremendous growth, I mean it was waayy high then others, at about 20%. Now, although it is a growth in economy, it is not one which can be sustained, as much of this growth was due to grand loan schemes of banks. Thus, it didnt contribute to making Pakistan stronger, as much as it was hyped.

Meri jaan we got 7% growth rate as per international standards Moody's / S&P's had their ratings increased not because of anything but due to our adherence to international accounting practices.

We can have lots of debate on how to calculate it but that's how the world over it is calculated .. and after that we had 7%.

Of course you might need financial expertise of Mr. Ishaq Dar to question the 7% growth rate but again we all know the recognition which Mr. Ishaq Dar has in international financial community !

Ishaq Dar is the same man who belongs to the the famous "lahori group" of the 90's.His companions(Nasir Danka i think) played a havoc with KSE by shorting all the shares except Adamjee. It is a long story so i won't describe it but the end result was that all the brokers took revenge from him.

Bro please have a look at the dramatic increase in imports compared to the rate of export on the link that I have provided, figures speak for themselves. And also have a look at the growth rate compared to the inflation rate. This all being quoted during the peak of his rule, money pumping into Pakistan, investment and foreign aid coming in, and despite all of that...enough said I guess, you can have a look for yourself.

http://www.adb.org/Documents/Books/ADO/2005/update/pak.asp

Oh and I almost forgot about the currency part, parhay likhay zarrar jareeh, our currency is pegged against the USD, so if the USD isn't doing well then we remain consistent with them, but if USD rises with respect to other currencies, then our currency rises too. So, for example, if USD rises with respect to AUD, then our rupee currency value also improves against AUD. Samjhay ke nai? The time period mentioned in the graph shows that USD remained consistent because of the wars and decreasing economy, unemployment etc etc, therefore since our currency was pegged against it, so we remained consistent with the USD. Now the question is why a sudden rise of USD against PKR, because the state bank is now following a mix policy, free floating and pegged as well. The USD has improved against AUD, pound and Euro, and so has the PKR.


mado

Firstly please bother to read the links with a critical mind instead of just going with the flow like a blind sheep. Moreover this topic was for pictures as we were already having discussions in other topics, so it would have sufficed if you would have kept quiet instead of copy pasting the usual bag of BS to this thread.



This so called 'failed state' drama has been going on since early 90s. I remember much harping by the west (and India) regarding 'failed states', which was a label usually applied through a myopic western oriented view, to any country which doesn't tow the American line.
This so called 'study' puts Pakistan above Afghanistan in the rankings; which, to say the least, is a joke. Probably you haven't visited Pakistan for a good long time to actually know that and just start believing this crap.
Yes, we do have an extremist problems due to Musharraf not sticking his head in the sand like previous governments and confronting the issues for saving the fabric of Pakistani society.



The recent inflation (pre oil price hike) was due to the increase in purchasing power and affluence of Pakistanis. As average income of Pakistanis increased, jobless rates dropped, the inflation rose due to rising imports (demand and supply for goods).

You can see the inflation jumped in the year 2005. An year when Pakistan suffered one of the worst disasters in it's history in the form of the Kashmir Earthquake. This gave a jolt to out economy as money had to be diverted towards reconstruction and import of machinery and pre fabricated housing for the 3 million homeless. Please take this situation into account before making any comments.




Did you even read what I had posted? There were lots of power projects during Musharraf era but the shortfall is due to the fact that the jahil awaam does not want the big dams. Musharraf was all for Kalabagh and Diamer Bhasha dam. However the whole spectrum of society jumped on his arse and did let him proceed. Hence during his tenure they only constructed small to medium sized dams.
The last two big dams (Tarbela and Mangla) were constructed by General Ayub Khan and it is quite pathetic that the awaam does not let any other ruler construct any new big dams.
Even now the government, which the people of Pakistan have elected, has cancelled the big dams for good and the people seem to be happy with that even though they suffer load shedding all the time. Power to the people baby! Lol

Regarding NRO, yes, that was a mistake of Musharraf but still I think even if the NRO wasn’t there and people would have voted PPP and PML(N) in power, these goons would be running the country from Dubai and London.



Ok I have to concede here little bit. Although the SBP pdf file does not show the situation from 1999 to 2005 when the foreign debt actually was reduced from around 36 billion (iirc) to around 32 billion.
Maybe this sudden rise after 2005 could be due to the huge bloody Earthquake which you like to overlook all the time.

WTF????!!!! Since when did the Pakistani ruppee get pegged to the US dollar????

Basic comparison of 1999 and 2007


Pak Economy in 1999 was: $ 75 billion
Pak Economy in 2007 is: $ 160 billion

GDP Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in 1999: $ 270 billion
GDP Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in 2007: $ 475.5 billion

GDP per Capita in 1999: $ 2,000
GDP per Capita in 2007: $ 3,004

Pak revenue collection 1999: Rs. 305 billion
Pak revenue collection 2007: Rs. 708 billion

Pak Foreign reserves in 1999: $ 700 million
Pak Foreign reserves in 2007: $ 16 billion

Pak Exports in 1999: $ 7.5 billion
Pak Exports in 2007: $ 18.5 billion

Textile Exports in 1999: $ 5.5 billion
Textile Exports in 2007: $ 11.2 billion

KHI stock exchange 1999: $ 5 billion at 700 points
KHI stock exchange 2007: $ 70 billion at 14,000 points

Foreign Direct Investment in 1999: $ 1 billion
Foreign Direct Investment in 2007: $ 8 billion

Debt servicing 1999: 65% of GDP
Debt servicing 2007: 26% of GDP

Poverty level in 1999: 34%
Poverty level in 2007: 24%

Literacy rate in 1999: 45%
Literacy rate in 2007: 53%

Pak Development programs 1999: Rs. 80 billion
Pak Development programs 2007: Rs. 520 billion



Under Musharraf's vision


Ø · 9 world class Engineering universities being developed and 18 Public universities already developed.
Ø · Public sector institutions have increased from 110,267 (in 1999) to become
Ø · Private sector institutions have increased from 36,096 (in 1999) to become 81,103 (in 2006).
Ø · PAK is 3rd best in world Banking profitability.
Ø · PAK IT industry now values around $2 billion, including $1 billion exports and employs around 90,000 professionals.
Ø · CNG sector has attracted over $70 billion investment in last 5 years; and created 45,000 jobs.
Ø · Telecom sector attracted around $10 billion in investment and created above 1.3 million jobs.
Ø · Industrial Parks are being setup throughout the country for the first time! M3 estate, Sunder industrial estate, Chakri, etc.
Ø · Major Mega projects like the Saindak, Rekodiq, Marble production, Coal production and Mining & Quarrying are being pursued.
Ø · In 2006, GDP growth is 6%. Earlier in 1999 was 3.5%.
Ø · Foreign Reserves from $1 bn to $17 bn.
Ø · KHI stock market: from 700 points to 13,000 points.
Ø · Literacy rate improved by 11%.
Ø · Poverty decreased by 10%.
Ø · He made 4 dams: Mirani, Subakzai, Gomalzam, Khurram Tangi dams.
Ø · 6 Motorways completed or under construction: M1, M3, M8, M9, M10, M11.
Ø · Six major highways under construction.
Ø · GWADAR advance mega Sea port developed under his vision!
Ø · Historic 100% increase in Tax collection of $11 billion.
Ø · Large scale manufacturing is 30 year high, and Construction activity is 17 year high.
Ø · Newly found World class copper- gold deposits in Chagai will fetch $600 million per year.
Ø · A new Oil refinery with UAE will fetch $5 billion & will process 300,000 oil barrels a day.
Ø · Industrial sector registered 26% growth.
Ø · PAK in 1999 was a $75 billion economy; and now 2006 it's $160 billion economy!
Ø · PAK economy is now the 3rd fastest growing economy after China & India .



Education under Musharraf Era


In 1999-2000 there were 31 Public Universities. Now 2005-2006 there are 49 Public Universities. Under Musharraf 20 NEW UNIVERSITIES SET UP!


Ø · Air University (established 2002)

Ø · Institute of Space technology, ISB (established 2002)

Ø · Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University , Quetta (established 2004)

Ø · University of Science & Technology, Bannu (established 2005)

Ø · University of Hazara (founded 2002)

Ø · Malakand university, Chakdara (established 2002)

Ø · Karakurum International university, Gilgit (established 2002)

Ø · University of Gujrat (established 2004)

Ø · Virtual University of Pak, Lahore (established 2002)

Ø · Sarhad University of IT, Peshawar (established 2001)

Ø · National Law University , ISB (2007)

Ø · Media University , ISB (2007) etc.

Ø · University of Education , Lahore (2002)

Ø · Lasbella University of Marine Sciences, Baluchistan (2005)

Ø · Baluchistan University of IT & Management, Quetta (2002), etc.


Pakistan now has a total of 245,682 Educational institutions in all categories, including 164,579 (i.e. 67 percent) in the Public sector and 81,103 (i.e. 100 percent) in the private sector, reports the National Education Census (NEC-2005). The census -- jointly conducted by the Ministry of Education, the Academy of Educational Planning and Management (AEPAM) and the Federal Bureau of Statistics (FBS) -- reveals that the number of private-sector institutions has increased from 36,096 in 1999-2000 to 81,103 in 2005, i.e. by 100 per cent.

Total 99,319 Educational Institutions (Public & Private) have increased in Musharraf Era!

I wouldn't spend much time on this, it was pegged in early 1970's, before being pegged to USD, PKR was pegged to the pound but due to rising USA influence PKR got pegged to USD.

mado

Ironic, isn't it, you name so many istitutions opening up during his era and yet you call the awam jahil

LOL


mado

FYI, I came here as in international student, I'm not an Australian citizen, I visit Lahore regularly, every 4-5 months.

Ofcourse the West has every right to label you/us a "failed state", we borrow #### loads of money from them, we are the ones doing their bidding, we are the ones fighting their wars.

You listen to the same western media when it says the taliban and/or al-qaeda are terrorists, and yet choose to ignore it when they say something against you/us? Very convenient bro!

Like I said stop bringing NS and BB into account as I'm against them too, comparing two wrongs with each other doesnt make the less wrong any more right, get the point?

Musharraf promised to deal with the issue of dams, he countless times stated that it will be dealt with, educating the so called 'jahil awam' was his responsibility.

Coming back to the issue of earthquake, no funds were diverted (nothing atleast from the defence budget, LOL), foreign aid and help was pouring in, why do you always have to overlook this too?

salam

mado

ps. I would really appreciate if you stopped getting emotional and start replying in a decent manner.

PKR is not pegged to USD. Quit making stuff up.

The proportion of jahils to educated is still in favour of the jahils.

Moreover there are lot of parha likha jahils running around who have no ability for critical thinking and just follow the popular sentiments e.g. Lal Masjid, Judges issues etc.

Sustaining long-term exchange rate stability

By Sirajuddin Aziz

Exchange rates have been switching between waxing and waning values, especially after the floating exchange rate regime was adopted in the year 2000. Since then, the value of rupee has always been at the forefront of the economic indicators. While the initial years of reforms did see sharp depreciation of the rupee, a degree of exchange rate stability was achieved with the emergence of macroeconomic stability.

Exchange rate has implications for resource allocation, trade and balance of payments. Strong economic activities along with increasing foreign exchange inflows have resulted in visible changes in exchange market in recent years. In FY07, the foreign exchange market grew substantially, both in capacity and volumes. The market volumes of foreign exchange transactions reached $68.5 billion in Q4-FY07, compared to $55.4 billion during the same period last year.

Rupee gained a considerable stability after the 9/11. The momentum has been sustained over an extended period of time. After a recent decision by the central bank to reduce the amount of cash reserves maintained by banks, the rupee has recovered from a three-year low. During FY07, the rupee exhibited a mixed trend vis-a-vis the benchmark currency (dollar) depreciating by 1.14 per cent in the first half and then appreciating by 0.81 per cent in the second half of FY07.

In the first half, the widening trade deficit drove the rupee depreciation while in the second half, improved market related foreign exchange inflows helped rupee to regain most of its lost ground. Consequently, the rupee saw a net depreciation of 0.31 per cent during FY07.

The exchange rate remains under focus because of the current macro economic fundamentals, inflation, a yawning trade deficit, trimming foreign exchange reserves, sky rocketing oil prices and political uncertainty.

If these issues are not resolved quickly, there is a possibility of depreciation of rupee against the sliding dollar. The rupee is exhibiting a trend of downward spiral against a basket of currencies, yet the deprecation vis-a-vis the dollar is still subtle. The current trend is expected to be sustained in the fiscal 2008 on the back of an increasing trade deficit depleting the foreign exchange reserves.

The uncertain political situation has also led to a decline in the share of foreign direct investment. There has been no issuance of international paper such as GDRs or bonds to raise capital and to manage the possible liquidity crunch. To add to the existing predicament, privatisation has been put on the back burner.

The dollar/rupee exchange rate continues to be market determined. The State Bank, as a policy, intervenes in the market to dilute excess in volatility but does not target any specific exchange rate which is driven by prevailing demand and supply conditions.

In order to promote exports, however, the Central Bank has been providing both export and long-term financing to exporters. The scheme for Long Term Financing Facility will be operational in January, 2008 after the details of its workings are grasped by the commercial banks.

The external sector which has thus far been manageable could see some spill over impact of the US slowdown, if it turns out to be more severe. Efforts similar to these are underway to boost exports to mellow down the increasing trade deficits which can trigger exchange rate crises if the momentum of capital and financial inflows dries up.

Pakistan’s exports in real terms remained stagnant. Last month an increase in official figures was mainly due to depreciation of the dollar. Since Pakistan conducts 70 per cent of its exports in dollar which is consistently falling against major currencies in the international market, Pakistan’s exports in terms of volume remains stagnant.

However, the country’s economic prospects continued to remain strong despite political upheavals at home, recent turmoil in the international financial markets and upsurge in oil prices.

Resilience of the country’s economy due to underlying financial health and strong macro-economic fundamentals helped Pakistan to remain ‘untouched’ by external shocks like US sub-prime mortgage market crisis, depreciation of the dollar and rising international oil prices.

Pakistan’s financial market had, by and large, remained insulated from the financial market turbulence as it did not have exposure to mortgage or asset-backed securities. Hence it can be deduced that Pakistan will rise to prosperity amid the prevailing fears and transform its weakness into its strengths.

Exports can be a major source of economic growth, which is facilitated through effective exchange rate management. Pakistan can learn from countries that have witnessed export-led growth to ensure exchange rate stability.


http://www.dawn.com/2007/text/ebr4.htm

After the 1 US $ = 10 Rupees peg.. i don't not remember Pak Rupees being pegged with US at any later date !

mado it looks like your text book are a bit out of date.

The PKR ended it peg to the USD in 1982.

"The Pakistani rupee was pegged to the British pound sterling up until 1971, when it became pegged to the U.S. dollar. In 1982, the peg was changed to a basket of currencies reflecting Pakistan’s major trading partners. In the wake of nuclear weapons tests conducted by the Pakistani government in 1988, the country suffered greatly under economic sanctions imposed by global superpowers, and embarked upon a two-tiered exchange rate policy. In 1999, the Pakistani rupee became a fully free-floating currency. "

http://converter-currency.com/currency/pakistan-rupee.cfm




You are correct, the 1 USD = 10.1 PKR was abolished in 1982

"8 January 1982 The Rupee was devalued when the currency was unhitched from its link to the U.S. Dollar and the fixed Official Rate abolished. A controlled, floating Effective Rate for the Rupee, initially at PRs10.10 per U.S. Dollar, was established in relation to a trade-weighted basket of currencies. (WCY 1984, p. 585) 10.100 "

http://intl.econ.cuhk.edu.hk/exchange_rate...ndex.php?cid=22

bhai yaar mein apni taraf se nai bole raha, here is the website, it provides a good brief history of exchange rates.

http://intl.econ.cuhk.edu.hk/exchange_rate...ndex.php?cid=22

"Pakistan fell into a budget deficit in 1982, when the strengthening U.S. Dollar made remittances abroad through official channels slumped. The plunging black market rate suggested that the rupee pegged to the U.S. Dollar largely deviated from the underlying economic realities. In this view, Pakistan put the rupee on a controlled floating basis, with the currency linked to a trade-weighted currency basket.

In 1998, to alleviate the financial crisis in Pakistan, the authorities adopted a multiple exchange rate system, which comprised of an official rate (pegged to U.S. dollar), a Floating Interbank Rate (FIBR), and a composite rate (combines the official and FIBR rates). Export proceeds, home remittances, invisible flows, and "non-essential" imports can be traded at the FIBR rate."

19 May 1999 The multiple exchange system was unified. (IMF 2000, p.680) The rupp was floated only to be informally controlled by the State Bank of Pakistan within a narrow range of 52.10-52.30 rupees to the U.S. dollar. (CR2000, p.3)

30 June 1999 The exchange rate of the rupee has been de facto pegged to the dollar. Thus, the exchange rate arrangement has been reclassified to the category conventional fixed pegged arrangement from the category managed floating with no preannounced path for the exchange rate. (IMF 2000, p.680)



http://www.imf.org/external/np/mfd/er/2006/eng/0706.htm

Definitions are available on the imf website to help understand the concepts better:

Pegged exchange rates
The value of the currency is maintained within certain margins of fluctuation of more than ±1 percent around a fixed central rate or the margin between the maximum and minimum value of the exchange rate exceeds 2 percent.



http://www.sbp.org.pk/research/bulletin/20...Rate_Regime.pdf

This article provides a detailed look into the pegging of PKR, it's an article from 2006. This article states some very valid points why the PKR shouldn't be pegged, as I said in the very beginning of my posts stating the devaluation of PKR.



mado

Haang smegster bhai jaan, am I allowed to leave or should I wait for your reply? I'm very tired

mado

You can leave I will answer all you questions